Word parts
What it means
A group of drugs that act in different ways on the brain and gut. Ondansetron blocks serotonin (5-HT3) receptors and is common for chemotherapy and after surgery. Metoclopramide and prochlorperazine block dopamine; promethazine and meclizine are antihistamines; scopolamine patches prevent motion sickness. Some steroids and other drugs are added for chemotherapy.
For the nurse
Give before chemotherapy or a known trigger when ordered. Many cause drowsiness; some cause movement side effects. Promethazine injection is on the ISMP high-alert list because it can badly injure tissue; give it diluted and slowly into a large vein or deep IM as policy allows. Ondansetron can affect the heart rhythm.
At a glance
| Drug class | antiemetic |
|---|---|
| Spanish | antiemético |
| Also written | antiemetics |
Related terms
nausea
An uneasy feeling in the stomach with the urge to vomit.
antihistamine
A drug that blocks the effects of histamine, used mostly for allergy symptoms.
vomiting
Forcefully bringing up the contents of the stomach through the mouth.