What it means
Also called parasympathomimetics. Some act directly on acetylcholine receptors, such as bethanechol (for urinary retention) and pilocarpine (for glaucoma and dry mouth). Others, the cholinesterase inhibitors such as pyridostigmine and neostigmine, raise acetylcholine levels by slowing its breakdown; they are used for myasthenia gravis. Their effects include more saliva, tears, sweating, urination and bowel activity, a slower heart rate and narrower airways.
For the nurse
Watch the heart rate and breathing, and keep a toilet or bedpan close. Too much effect (cholinergic crisis) causes drooling, sweating, cramps, diarrhea, a slow pulse and breathing trouble; atropine is the antidote.
Remember it
Too much causes SLUDGE: salivation, lacrimation (tears), urination, defecation, GI upset, emesis.
At a glance
| Drug class | cholinergic agonist (parasympathomimetic) |
|---|---|
| Also written | cholinergic agonists, cholinergics, parasympathomimetic, parasympathomimetics |
Related terms
urinary retention
Being unable to empty the bladder completely, or at all.
autonomic nervous system
The part of the nervous system that controls body functions without conscious thought, such as heart rate, breathing and digestion.
glaucoma
An eye disease in which the optic nerve is damaged, usually with raised pressure inside the eye, leading to loss of vision.