What it means
When uric acid builds up in the blood, sharp crystals can form in a joint, causing sudden attacks of severe pain, redness, heat and swelling, often in the big toe at night. Attacks can be set off by alcohol (especially beer), red meat and organ meats, seafood, sugary drinks, dehydration and some diuretics. Over years, untreated gout can form lumps of crystals (tophi) and kidney stones.
For the nurse
During an attack, rest and raise the joint, apply cold and keep bedding off it. Drugs such as colchicine and NSAIDs treat attacks; allopurinol lowers uric acid over time. Teach plenty of water and limiting alcohol and high-purine foods.
At a glance
| Spanish | gota |
|---|---|
| Also written | gouty |
Related terms
osteoarthritis
A long-term joint disease in which the cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears away.
rheumatoid arthritis
A long-term autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the lining of the joints.
inflammation
The body's protective response to injury or infection, with redness, heat, swelling, pain and sometimes loss of function.