Word parts
glyc sugar-lysis breaking down
What it means
A chain of chemical steps in the cytoplasm of every cell that splits one glucose molecule into two smaller molecules (pyruvate) and makes a small amount of energy (ATP). It does not need oxygen. With oxygen, the pyruvate goes on to make much more energy in the mitochondria; without enough oxygen, it becomes lactic acid, which builds up in shock and hard exercise.
Related terms
carbohydrate
One of the main nutrients in food, made of sugars and starches, that the body uses for energy.
glucose
A simple sugar that is the body's main source of energy.
metabolism
All the chemical processes in the body's cells that make energy, build tissue and break substances down.