What it means
A person with an intellectual disability learns and solves problems more slowly than others of the same age and needs help with some daily skills, such as communication, self-care and social life. It begins during the developmental years. Causes include genetic conditions such as Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome, alcohol or infection during pregnancy, and problems at birth, but often the cause is unknown. Support needs range from mild to profound.
For the nurse
Speak directly to the client, use simple words and pictures, show rather than tell, and allow extra time. Include caregivers who know the client's usual communication and behavior.
At a glance
| Spanish | discapacidad intelectual |
|---|---|
| Also written | intellectual disabilities, intellectual-disability |
Related terms
chromosome
A thread-like structure in the nucleus of a cell that carries the genes, made of tightly packed DNA.
patient-centered care
Care planned around the client's own needs, values and choices, with the client as a full partner in decisions.
birth defect
A problem in how a part of the body is formed or works that is present when a baby is born.