What it means
It slows the heart (beta blocking) and relaxes blood vessels (alpha-1 blocking). IV doses are used for severe or emergency high blood pressure, including in pregnancy with preeclampsia; tablets are used for long-term blood pressure control, and it is one of the preferred drugs in pregnancy. Side effects include dizziness, low blood pressure on standing and a slow pulse. IV labetalol is on ISMP's high-alert list (IV adrenergic antagonists); the tablets are not.
For the nurse
Check blood pressure and heart rate before and often after IV doses, and keep the client lying down for a time afterward, since the pressure can drop on sitting or standing. It can tighten airways, so use caution in asthma.
At a glance
| Drug class | alpha-1 and beta blocker (antihypertensive) |
|---|---|
| Brand names | Trandate |
| Spanish | labetalol |
| Also written | Trandate |
Related terms
hypertension
Blood pressure that stays higher than normal, at or above 130/80 mm Hg by current US guidelines.
propranolol
A beta blocker that slows the heart and lowers blood pressure by blocking adrenaline's effects on the heart and lungs.
carvedilol
A beta blocker that also widens blood vessels, taken by mouth for heart failure and high blood pressure.
nifedipine
A calcium channel blocker taken by mouth that relaxes blood vessels to lower blood pressure.