Minimal Simple Knee Debridement
VSD closure · VSD patch closure · ventricular septal defect closure · secundum ASD repair
A look inside the descending thoracic aorta, sealing against healthy aorta above and below the belly lining: its artery and vein are tied.
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15 instruments, by what they do. Tap a name for its card.
Every instrument on the back table for this case, each with its photo and what it is for.
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The equipment, the prep and drape, the suture and the medicines.
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A vagus nerve stimulator (VNS) treats epilepsy that does not respond to medicine, and it is also approved for hard-to-treat depression. A small generator sits under the skin below the left collarbone and sends mild pulses up a thin lead to the left vagus nerve in the neck. The generator runs on a battery that cannot be recharged, so it has to be replaced every few years. How long it lasts depends on how strong and how often the stimulation is set.
When the device reports that the battery is near the end of its service, the change is planned. Replacing it before it runs out lets the stimulation carry on at the same settings. If it runs out first, the settings have to be started low again and built back up over weeks. Only the chest incision is reopened: the old generator is lifted out, disconnected from the lead, and a new one is connected, tested and placed in the same pocket.
It is a short operation, often done as an outpatient, under general anesthesia or sedation depending on what the patient can tolerate. Most people go home the same day. The main risks are infection of the pocket and, rarely, a problem with the connection that shows up on the test.
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