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Labs and diagnostics

Lab values with their normal and critical ranges, and the tests nurses prepare clients for.

echocardiogramAn ultrasound picture of the heart that shows its chambers, valves, walls and how well it pumps.
EGDEsophagogastroduodenoscopy: a test using a flexible scope through the mouth to look at the esophagus, stomach and start of the small intestine.
ejection fractionThe percentage of blood in the left ventricle that is pumped out with each heartbeat.
electrocardiogramA test that records the heart's electrical activity as waves on paper or a screen.
electroencephalogramA test that records the electrical activity of the brain through small sensors placed on the scalp.
electrolyteA mineral that carries an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids, such as sodium, potassium, calcium and chloride.
electromyographyA test that records the electrical activity of muscles, usually through thin needles placed in the muscle.
ELISAEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: a lab method that finds and measures antibodies or antigens using a color change.
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographyA procedure that uses a scope passed through the mouth, with dye and X-rays, to see and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts.
endoscopyA procedure that uses a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera to look inside the body.
enzymeA protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in the body without being used up.
eosinophilA type of white blood cell that fights parasites and takes part in allergic reactions.
erythrocyte sedimentation rateA blood test that measures how fast red blood cells settle to the bottom of a tube, used as a general sign of inflammation.